ARROW ROOT MEDIATED SELENIUM NANOPARTICLE AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

The purpose of the research is to synthesize the arrowroot-mediated selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and further define their characterization. With its applications in science and technology to create new stuff, the area of nanotechnology is increasingly growing. Today, as the marvel of medicine, nano items are named. Globally, the development of SeNPs is now emerging.

The characterisation of nanoparticles deals with the characterisation of the nanoparticles' physical and chemical properties. Selenium nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy using Arrowroot. As the shape is rod-shaped and the scale is 200 nm, the effects are observed. Therefore, the nanosized nanoparticles mediated by arrowroot have many applications in modern technology and have high medicinal value as well.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5526

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING GRAPE SEED EXTRACT AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Background: Nanotechnology (NPs) is a modern science technology with major applications, including industries in medicine and pharmacology. In this research, the processing of zinc oxide nanoparticles from non-toxic grape seed extract as a reducing agent has been used for cost-effective and eco-friendly green synthesis.

Objective: To synthesise and characterise zinc oxide nanoparticles mediated by grape seed extract.

Materials and Methods: Green synthesis was used to synthesise the zinc oxide nanoparticles. Morphological features such as the form and size of the green synthesised zinc nanoparticles obtained via transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Results: The results indicate that the nanoparticles mediated by the synthesised grape seed extract are eco-friendly, good and non-toxic. In the graph seed extract solution, the visual colour change observed indicates the presence of nanoparticles of zinc oxide. The particle size ranges from 20 to 30 microns, clearly demonstrating the existence of ZnO NPs in spherical form. At 410 nm, the absorption produced in the reaction media has an absorbance peak. The TEM exhibits spherical shapes and nanoparticles that are flexible. They seem to be structured in an open superstructure and cluster.

Conclusion: A simple, biological and low-cost approach to the preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles using grape seed extract was conducted in this report. In order to know the efficacy of these nanoparticles, synthesised grape seed extract mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles can therefore be subjected to various other biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic assessment.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5399

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GRAPE SEED MEDIATED TiO2 NANOPARTICLES: AN In vitro STUDY | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Background: With the development of nanotechnology, there has been a tremendous growth in the application of nanoparticles for drug delivery systems, antibacterial materials, cosmetics, sunscreens, and electronics. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are manufactured worldwide for a variety of engineering and bioengineering applications. TiO2 NPs under ultraviolet radiation produce a strong oxidative effect through the formation of above-mentioned reactive oxygen species and can be used as a photocatalytic disinfectant without other chemical reagents.

Aim: To assess the antioxidant activity of grape seed mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Materials and Methods: The collected fruit seeds were washed dried powdered and subjected to nanoparticles synthesis by adding titanium oxide solution to the grape seed extract solution. The solution was centrifuged and checked for absorbance using the spectrometry. The antioxidant property of the extract was evaluated using the DPPH (2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) assay. The results were analyzed and graphs were plotted.

Results: The titanium nanoparticles showed strong spectrophotometric absorbance around 370 nm. When subjected to DPPH assay to check for its antioxidant activity, grape seed mediated titanium oxide nanoparticles showed highest antioxidant activity at a concentration of 50 μl (80%).

Conclusion: The grape seed mediated TiO2 showed efficacious and potent antioxidant properties and therefore can be used for further applications in the medical field.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5381

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPE SEED MEDIATED TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES: AN in vitro STUDY | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Background: Nanotechnology used in dentistry as dental materials have unique physicochemical and biological properties that can be used to overcome the complications caused by other traditional dental treatments. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been demonstrated to be an effective multifunctional material. Grape seed extract is a rich source of polymers of flavan-3-ols like catechin and epicatechin.

Aim: The aim of the study was to synthesize and characterize grape seed mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles using UV Visible Spectroscopy.

Materials and methods: The synthesis of the titanium dioxide nanoparticle is done with green synthesis method. Morphological characters like the shape and size of the obtained green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles by transmission electron microscope.

Results: The peak value of absorbance titanium dioxide nanoparticles was found to be at 370 nm. The TEM imaging revealed that the particles were spherical shaped. The results confirmed that the green synthesis of grape seed mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles is cost efficient and eco friendly.

Conclusion: In this study, a simple, biological and low cost approach was done for the preparation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using grape seeds. Thus, the synthesized grape seed mediated titanium dioxide nanoparticles can be subjected to various other biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic evaluation to know the efficiency of these nanoparticles.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5365

PREPARATION OF MOUTHWASH USING LYCOPENE - CHITOSAN NANOCOMPOSITE AND ITS CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES - AN In vitro STUDY | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Background: Application of chitosan in dentifrices or mouthwash is limited, several studies have shown that it is extremely effective in destroying bacteria as well as reducing plaque film and gingivitis. Lycopene can function as a potent scavenger of Hypochlorous acid at a wide range of concentration that may span various pathophysiological and supplemental ranges. Therefore combining both using nanotechnology would be beneficial for the exploitation of new generations of antimicrobial agents and for the development of new biomedicine.

Aim: The study aims to prepare lycopene mediated chitosan based mouthwash and to assess its antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects.

Materials and Methods: The study involved the preparation of lycopene mediated chitosan based mouthwash from their extracts. Assessment of cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of mouthwash was done. In order to test its cytotoxicity a primary level animal testing on brine shrimps was conducted using the standard brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) method and agar diffusion method was used to assess its antimicrobial properties.

Results: The study reveals that the mouthwash prepared had better antimicrobial properties while evaluating it by agar diffusion methods and cytotoxicity levels which were calculated in relation to the mortality rates of the BSLA are directly proportional to the concentration of the nanoparticle used. This gives an insight into the safety and drug dosage levels.

Conclusion: The study can be concluded that the lycopene mediated chitosan based mouthwash being studied shows great potential in the field of dentistry. Cytotoxicity levels of the mouthwash exhibits acceptable toxicity at concentrations below 10 μL however at higher concentrations it shows a significant toxicity and also showed better antimicrobial properties as the zone of inhibition (ZOI) increased with the concentration of lycopene mediated chitosan based mouthwash.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5330

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESISED USING Symplocos racemosa BARK | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Introduction: The combination of metal nanoparticles is a rising region of research and innovation with potential application in plant insurance. Symplocos racemosa has various uses such as stimulating appetite, good for eyes, helps in digestion and used in cough and acidity. In the present investigation, with an eco-accommodating methodology, an advantageous strategy was embraced, where copper nanoparticles are biosynthesised extracellularly by utilising Symplocos racemosa. Nanoparticles have been used in various practical applications. Copper nanoparticles act as good antibacterial agents also. Copper nanoparticles are used widely due to their heat transfer process such as high thermal conductivity.

Materials and Methods: Lodhra bark “(Symplocos racemosa)” was collected from the market and copper nanoparticles were synthesised using Symplocos racemosa. It was mixed with 100 ml of distilled water thoroughly and boiled for 3-5 mins in a heating mantle then filtered using filter paper. CuSO4 solution was added and lodhra bark was extracted. The solution is kept in a shaker and reading was taken for every 2 hours.

Results: There are various methods to prepare copper nanoparticles and those methods are greener, environment suitable, cheap and also best compared to other conventional methods. It has high surface area, low production cost, catalytic activity compared to other precision metals. From the graph obtained, we can observe that copper nanoparticles have significant antifungal activity.

Conclusion: Therefore it can be concluded that copper nanoparticles have significant antifungal activity especially when it is synthesised using Symplocos racemosa, it can be used as a better drug of choice.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5327

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESISED USING GRAPE SEED EXTRACT: AN in vitro STUDY | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Background: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) synthesized from plant sources are eco-friendly, cost effective and have a wide range of applications. The anti-inflammatory property of titanium dioxide produced by various herbal sources has well been studied. Grape seeds have been used in this study to produce TiO2 NPs due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cholesterol properties.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesised using grape seed extract.

Materials and Methods: Preparation of grape seed extract, synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using grape seed extract in Lark refrigerated centrifuge, preparation of nanoparticles powder, characterisation using UV-Vis Spectroscopy and study of anti-inflammatory activity using Bovine serum albumin using Diclofenac sodium as control.

Results: The peak found in spectroscopy indicated the formation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The anti-inflammatory action of grape seed mediated TiO2 NPs increases with an increase in the concentration from 10 μl, 20 μl, 30 μl, 40 μl to 50 μl.

Conclusion: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles produced using grape seed extract have good anti-inflammatory activity and can be used in the future as pastes, gels etc. for topical application instead of using conventional anti-inflammatory agents to minimize their side effects.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5290