KH2PO4 AND SUCROSE AFFECTED in vitro AND ex vitro DATE PALM PLANTLETS CV SAKOTY | Journal of Basic and Applied Research International

 The acclimatisation stage of date palm plantlets is critical for increasing the number of plants to culture in the open field, so this study was done to improve plantlets in the rooting stage in vitro by using different concentrations of KH2PO4 as full (170 mg L-1), full (170 mg L-1) + 14, and full (170 mg L-1) + 12 and sucrose 30 as a growth medium. The results revealed that treating KH2PO4 at full strength with 45 g L-1 sucrose was an effective treatment for increasing in vitro plant height. Although root duration, number, and stem thickness increased significantly under KH2PO4 full + 12 with 60 g L-1 sucrose, full KH2PO4 +30 g L-1 sucrose produced the most hairy roots, full KH2PO4 +30 g L-1 sucrose produced the most leaves, and full KH2PO4 +14 with 45 g L-1 sucrose produced the highest percentage of plantlets acclimatisation. Under complete +1/4 and full + 12 KH2PO4 with 45 g L-1 sucrose, more total indoles, chlorophyll a and b were present. Based on the previous findings, full + 14 or full + 12 KH2PO4 treatment with 45 g L-1 sucrose is preferred for active in vitro and ex vitro stages.

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THE USE OF WASTE SULFUR OF GAS MINING RESULT AS FERTILIZER FOR SHALLOT PLANTS OF LEMBAH PALU VARIETY | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Sulfur is one of the macronutrients that plants need in adequate amounts. This element is needed by shallot plants more than by other cultivated plants. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of sulphur application from waste from gas mining on the growth and yield of the lembah palu shallot variety. The study was split into two parts: a greenhouse experiment and a field experiment. The method of fully randomised design was used in greenhouse experiments, while the randomised block design was used in field experiments, with treatments like P1 = no standard fertiliser application and sulphur, and P2 = standard fertiliser application and sulphur. P2 denotes the use of standard fertilisers (N, P, K, and manure) without the addition of sulphur, P3 denotes the use of standard fertilisers with sulphur, and P4 denotes the use of sulphur without the use of standard fertilisers. The findings show that the fertilisation procedure had a major impact on plant height at 30 dap and tuber fresh weight in the greenhouse experiment. Standard fertiliser applications, when combined with sulphur fertilisers, were found to be superior to other treatments. When opposed to a non-fertilized method, this treatment raises tuber fresh weight by 19.5 percent. Fertilization treatment has a major impact on plant dry weight at harvest, tuber fresh weight, and tuber yield per hectare in the field experiment. Standard fertiliser applications, when combined with sulphur fertilisers, were found to be superior to other treatments. This procedure resulted in a more than twofold rise in plant dry weight and tuber fresh weight, respectively.

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RESPONSE OF SOME VARIETIES OF Vigna unguiculata (L.) WALP CULTIVATED IN SOUTHERN IRAQ TO DIFFERENT METHODS OF ADDITION AND CONCENTRATIONS OF HUMIC ACID IN GROWTH AND YIELD | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 The experiment was conducted in the autumn of 2019 to see how three cowpea (Vigna ungiculata (L.) Walp) varieties responded to humic acid concentrations and addation methods on growth and yield. (Ramshorn, TSD, and Biader) varieties of cowpea were used. Humic acid at concentrations of 0, 2, and 4 mL liter-1 was applied through foliar spray and ground irrigation. With three replicates, the experiment was set up in a divided plot configuration. At the 0.05 level of likelihood, mean values were compared using L.S.D. In response to different concentrations of humic acid, the varieties vary greatly in growth parameters such as plant height and lateral branchees, as well as yield parameters such as green pods and soft seeds. For both addation processes, the highest concentration of humic acid was 4 mL liter-1 in all varieties. The application of ground irrigation was superior to foliar spray application. When it came to humic acid concentrations and applications, the Bayader variety performed better.

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DYNAMIC INTERACTION BETWEEN CAPITAL FLOWS, EXCHANGE RATES AND GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

This paper examines the relationship between capital flows, exchange rate, and growth for the Nigerian economy for the periods 1986-2014. Employing the vector autoregressive (VAR) approach, empirical findings from the impulse response reveals that capital inflows respond negatively to changes in exchange rate. Also, the results show that capital inflows react positively to growth suggesting that the higher the economic growth the more the capital inflows. The study also shows that exchange rate response positively to shock in capital inflows suggesting that the more the capital inflows the more the Nigeria currency appreciates. Furthermore, it was found that growth responds positively to shock in capital inflows indicating that the higher the capital inflows the higher the rate of economic growth. The variance decomposition of capital inflows shows that variation in capital inflows is greatly influenced by growth. Also, the variance decomposition of exchange rate suggests that capital inflow plays a significant role in the variation of the exchange rate. Furthermore, the outcome of the study also shows that both the capital inflows and exchange rate produce almost the same influence on economic growth. Finally, employing the Granger causality in determining the causal relationship between the variables, it was found that there is a unidirectional causal relationship between growth and capital inflows in Nigeria. The implication of this study is that government should design and implement policies towards enhancing economic growth to stimulate capital inflow.

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CAN Camellia japonica GROW IN VIETNAM? SEED GERMINATION AND INITIAL GROWTH

Camellia japonica L. is an evergreen tree, belonging to family Theaceae. The species naturally distributes in China, Taiwan, Korea, and southern Japan. It has been widely planted for ornamenting purpose. Also, C. japonica oil has been extracted and used for healthcare. In this study, seed germination and initial seedling growth of C. japonica were experimented in Hanoi, Vietnam.Seeds were collected in January in Kyoto, Japan and transported to Vietnam. Seeds were stored in normal room conditions until the experiment in February. Pre-sowing treatment was conducted by soaking in 50-55oC ordinary water until reaching normal temperature. Treated seeds were then sown in wet sandy bed for germination. Germinated seeds were then transplanted to forested-soil pots and tended normally by watering twice a day without fertilization and pest/disease control. The results indicated that the first seed germinated was recorded 3 weeks after experimenting, and germination ended in 2 weeks from the first germination. Most seeds germinated in the duration of 5th day to 10th day after the first germination. The germination rate was 62.5% and seedling survival rate was 96.8% at 4 months of growth. Seedlings of 4 months old had an average height of 15.9 cm, diameter at the stump of 2.1 mm, the taproot of 11.4 cm long, and average 10.6 leaves/seedling. It is possible to grow C. japonica in Vietnam. However, further study should be conducted in the field conditions.

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