In this study, we
isolated and analysed the sequence of ITS4-5 genetic region of thirty three
lotus samples which were collected in Thua Thien Hue province. The attained
ITS4-5 genetic region had a length of ranged from 729 to 744 bp, which had high
similarity with species Nelumbo nucifera (accession number: FJ599761.1), query
cover was at 98%. Eight parameters were used to measure the DNA polymorphism of
thirty three homologous DNA sequences in this population. The results indicated
that, the number of separate polymorphic
sites (S), total number of mutant sites (Eta), number of haplotype (h),
haplotype diversity (Hd), average number of nucleotide differences (k),
nucleotide diversity (π), theta (per site) from Eta (Ø) were 5 (S), 5 (Eta),
2(h), 0,458(Hd), 2,292 (k), 0,314 x 10-3 (π) and 0,169 x10-3
(Ø), respectively (P < 0,05). Our analysis indicated that Rm of ITS4-5
genetic region in lotus populations did not appear (Rm = 0). Two methods
(Tajima’s D test, Fu and Li’s D* and F* test) were used to execute neutrality
test. The results showed that, the evolution of lotus population was balancing
selection, sudden population contraction, in other words, rare alleles present
at low frequency and there are very few individuals that show significant
differences from other individuals in the population. Phylogenetic tree was
built based on three methods, namely Neightbour -Joining, Maximum Likelihood và
Maximum Parsimony (bootstrap = 1000) showed that, thirty three collected lotus
samples closely linked and they were divided into two groups. Group I included
22 samples of pink lotus varieties and group II included 11 samples of white
lotus varieties. Through this result, we found that the ability to distinguish
between white and pink lotus varieties of N. nucifera was significant when using
the ITS4-5 genetic region.
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