Using the steam distillation process, extraction of essential oils from Salvia officinalis plants was performed. We conducted this analysis to obtain an extract of essential oil from the Salvia officinalis South Algerian plant cultivated in the Municipality of Ghardaia. The Lamiaceae family of Salvia officinalis, popular in Algeria, is a native herb with many therapeutic properties (antiseptic, anti-neuralgic, analgesic...). The extraction of its aromatic fraction provides new perspectives through a Clevenger-type apparatus in aromatherapy by hydrodistillation process. The extract obtained was the target of antibacterial and antifungal action, and a chemical analysis involves determining the composition of the chemical essential oil by GC-MS, showing the presence of the substance that may have different interests. The antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of oils has been checked against the growth of various Fusariums using the direct contact process (Fusarium sporotrichioides Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium langsethiae). The results showed that natural antimicrobial activity has great potential against tested strains. Thirty four compounds representing a proportion of 75.46 percent of the essential oil of Salvia officinalis were found in the study of this oil by GC-MS, suggesting the presence of many components that are the key components of Camphor (23.3 percent), followed by alpha-thujone (14.6 percent), 1.8-cineole (5.72 percent) and limonene (4.04 percent). Further studies on this plant and other medicinal plants to isolate, purify and classify active ingredients with biological activities would be interesting.
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