Effect of Fermented Lamtoro Leaf (Leucaena leucocephala) Meal on Growth Rate of Giant Gourami Fingerlings (Osphronemus gouramy) | Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research

 The objective of this study is to determine the proportion of the addition of fermented lamtoro leaf to the growth rate of gourami fingerlings in fish. The test fish used was gourami from Farming Production Gurame and Nilem-Singaparna, Tasikmalaya, amounting to 320 tails with a length of 4-6 cm. An aquarium with a total of 16 parts and a scale of 40 ⁇ 30 ⁇ 30 cm3 was the container used in this study. During the study, the density of gourami fingerlings was 20 fish-tails/aquarium with 40 days of long maintenance. 5 percent of the fish body biomass is the feed provided. The research was conducted at the Fisheries Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia, from 8 November 2019 until 14 February 2020. This study used a Fully Random Design (CRD) experimental approach consisting of four treatments and four times the repeated feeding of commercial feed (control), resulting in 10 percent, 15 percent, and 20 percent of lamtoro fermentation leaf meal. Fermentation of lamtoro leaves will boost nutrient content after fermentation based on the results of the study, as seen from the presence of increased protein content from 21.88% to 26.11% and decrease in crude fibre content from 46.33% to 20.85%. The addition of lamtoro leaf meal fermentation results in up to 15 percent of commercial feed, resulting in a 1.90 percent daily growth rate, a 2.05 feed conversion ratio and a 70 percent survival rate.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajfar.com/index.php/AJFAR/article/view/30138

Cash Flow Optimality and Investment Returns: Investors Expectations in Listed Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria | Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting

 This study investigated the impact on investment returns of cash flow optimality in selected listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. There were 66 manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange. For a span of 10 years, 25 of these manufacturing companies were deliberately chosen (2010-2019). The study used data collected from the selected manufacturing companies' reported financial statements. During diagnostic tests, panel data analysis was used and an application of the Hausman test offered the criteria for choosing between Random Effect Models and Fixed Effect Models. In order to determine between Random Effects and Pooled OLS, Jarque-Bera Normality, Breusch, and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier tests were performed to validate the Hausman test results. The study found that cash flow optimality, AdjR2 = 0.099; Wad-chi2(4, 245) = 22.22; P-value = 0.000), had a positive statistically relevant return on assets. In addition, the analysis showed that a positive statistical effect on Tobin's Q was demonstrated by cash flow optimality (AdjR2 = 0.130; F (4, 245) = 2.884; P-value = 0.025). The study therefore proposed that managers of manufacturing firms should ensure that all strategic decisions are channelled in this direction, because the nature of investment is the anticipated returns, and ensure that efficient resource management and cash flow are optimally controlled to meet investor return expectations.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajeba.com/index.php/AJEBA/article/view/30247

Integrated Distribution Network Design through Simulation | Asian Journal of Research in Computer Science

 Simulation is important to validate quick-response scenarios, providing an extent on how technology can effectively upgrade a process. Thus, computer simulation is a crucial aspect for supply chain management. The present paper analyses a distribution problem which involves inventory supply planning. Then, a simulation model was developed to evaluate its current performance and to provide a better operation scheme. The advances of this work extend on the modelling and simulation of distribution networks that must comply with retailers’ demands at end points.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajrcos.com/index.php/AJRCOS/article/view/30153

Perceived Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | Asian Journal of Research in Cardiovascular Diseases

 Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the level of knowledge and perceivement of cardiovascular risk factors among male adolescent students and the practiced healthy lifestyle.

Methods: A cross-sectional multistage study targeted adolescent male students from public secondary schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. They were surveyed by using a self-administered questionnaire. The participants were categorized as knowledgeable and perceiving the cardiovascular risk factors risk or not.

Results: A significant association with four factors were likely found to act as CVD predictors among adolescents like limited knowledge on prevention (AOR = 0.519, 95% CI = 0.358-0.752); inadequate information on diseases severity (AOR = 0.444, 95% CI = 0.284-0.696); low ability to promote health (AOR = 0.447, 95% CI = 0.295-0.677); and, non-confidence in practicing a healthy lifestyle (AOR = 0.584, 95% CI = 0.407-0.839).

Conclusion: Curriculum school inclusion of positive health practice might help much in improving the perceiveness on cardiovascular disease and better awareness in the coming generation.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalijrrc.com/index.php/AJRCD/article/view/30106

Problems and Remediation of Some Polluted Soils in Benue State, Nigeria | Asian Soil Research Journal

 Exploitation of natural resources is a vital condition of human existence. Population growth leads to competition on the natural resources thus, creating negative impact on the environment leading to the destruction of ecosystems and pollution. The concern here is that human existence is under threat. Benue soils are shallow, underlying clay accumulation with poor internal drainage. This drainage problem often results in problems such as over flooding causing land, water, and air pollution. Crusting is also part of the problems of the soils and may lead to low infiltration and poor seedling germination and emergence. It is hereby suggested that to remedy these problems, land should be used wisely to the benefits of human existence while protecting its value for the use of future generation. Fertilizer and chemicals such as herbicides importation and manufacturing must meet specifications to safeguard the environment. Soil organic matter should be maintained through adequate fertility of the soil and soil survey to avoid failure and to protect the environment. Technology and innovations that fit easily into the existing farming systems should be adopted for easy acceptance by farmers. Importations of machines and implement must meet specifications. Indigenous engineers should be encouraged and supported by the government to design machines that are suitable for the soils and the environment.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalasrj.com/index.php/ASRJ/article/view/30084

Optimizing Potato (Solanum tuberosum), Plant Transplantation through Micropropogation | Asian Journal of Research in Botany

 Aims: A pot experiment was set to identify the most effective symbiotic couples during the acclimatization of Solanum tuberosum vitroplants inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).

Methodology: The answer to inoculation of 5 strains of MA fungi Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus aggregatus, Rhizoglomus fasciculatum, Rhizoglomus intraradices, Rhizoglomus manihotis is evaluated on potato varieties Aïda, Atlas and Odessa. For each variety, the experimental device was totally randomized with 5 replicates. The experiment lasted 3 months.

Results: The F. mosseae strain has the highest mycorrhizal dependencies with 81.51% and 70% respectively in the Atlas and Aïda varieties. Adessa is less than 40% dependent on all strains of fungi tested. In the Atlas variety, the F. mosseae strain significantly stimulates the aerial biomass of the plants, which reaches 723.32 mg compared to the other mycorrhizal and control strains. The production of minitubers was stimulated by mycorrhizal fungi. In the Aïda variety, the two strains F. mosseae and R. aggregatum averaged 2.80 and 2.72 minitubers per plant, respectively. With the Atlas variety, F. mosseae and R. intraradices result in the most significant production of minitubers.

Conclusion: The different species of fungi tested do not have the same level of efficiency towards these varieties. Nevertheless, they all promote plant development and potato production compared to non-ininoculated controls. Mycorrhizal dependence is more observed with both Atlas and Aïda varieties.

Please see the link :- https://journalajrib.com/index.php/AJRIB/article/view/30122

A Study on Second Order Rotatable Designs under Tri-diagonal Correlated Structure of Errors Using a Pair of Balanced Incomplete Block Designs | Asian Journal of Probability and Statistics

 In this paper, a study on second order rotatable designs under tri-diagonal correlated structure of errors using a pair of balanced incomplete block designs is suggested. Further, the variance function of the estimated response for different values of tri-diagonal correlated coefficient and distance from centre  for  ( - factors) are studied.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajpas.com/index.php/AJPAS/article/view/30205

Relationship Underlying Seedlings Composition and Abundance of Mature Tree Species at Coral Rag Forest of Mnarani Ruins | Asian Journal of Research in Agriculture and Forestry

 The tropical regions have a rich diversity of tree species which provide the basis for a number of different forms and scales of economic activity. This study therefore was conducted with an aim of enhancing the knowledge of tree species diversity (seedlings and mature trees), and their relationship at the site. The experiment was laid out in three transects and quadrants in the forest: for mature trees the transects measured 100 m by 20 m, whereas for the seedlings quadrants measured 5 m by 5 m. That is along the ocean (T1), along human settlement (T2) and along the forest path (T3). Data was collected by counting mature trees species and seedlings. Data was analysed using R software 3.4.4 and results showed that a total of 22 tree species were recorded in the forest. In T1, the highest (22) species richness was recorded with 4 tree species restricted to the site (Bourellia nemoralis, Flueggia virosa, Turraea wakefieldii and Eryithrinia abyssinica). Combretum schumanii was most abundant in mature trees (89) followed by Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius (36), Ochna thomasiana (21) and Adansonia digitata (14). All the above abundant species except Adanosnia digitata (2) were also abundant in seedlings with (189), (11) and (21) seedlings respectively. In T2, 9 tree species were recorded. Azadirachta indica was the most dominant in both mature trees (40) and seedlings (261) while Sterculia appendiculata recorded the lowest (1) and (0) respectively. T3 was rich with three exotic tree species namely Delonyx regia, Azadirachta digitata and Lannea schweinfurthii. Lecaniodiscus fraxinifolius was the most common with (35) followed by Combretum schumanii (11). While the seedlings were (23) and (67) respectively.  In conclusion, it was evident that anthropogenic factors reduced species richness and the corag rag forest had more indeginous tree species and good seed recruitment.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajraf.com/index.php/AJRAF/article/view/30105

Subchronic Toxicological Assessment of Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® on Lipid Profile and Serum Antioxidant Enzymes in Exposed Wistar Rats | Asian Journal of Biology

 Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® is a polyherbal mixture promoted as an effective herbal remedy for numerous diseases. Study aimed to evaluate the toxicity concern of the polyherbal mixture (PHM) on lipid profile and oxidative status in Wistar rats of both gender. Acute toxicity study was conducted using modified method of Lorke. Thirty Wistar rats of bother gender were randomly divided into six groups (5/group) and exposed to the polyherbal mixture for 60 days via oral gavage. Control groups (1 and 4) received 10 mL/kg distilled water, while groups 2-3 and 5-6 received 476.24 and 158.75 mg/kg body weight of Dr Iguedo Goko Cleanser® respectively. On 62nd day, animals were sacrificed under diethyl ether anaesthesia; blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis. PHM significantly (p < 0.05) increased high density lipoproteins (HDL) levels in male rats as well as high dose female rats relative to control. However, low dose female rats recorded low HDL levels relative to control. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density and very low density lipoprotein levels were significantly reduced in all test groups relative to controls. The low dose males (LDM) had reduced serum glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity; while increased and decreased GPX and glutathione (GSH) activities were respectively recorded for female rats. Male rats had dose-dependent increase in malondialdehyde. The recorded reductions in serum lipids suggest that the polyherbal mixture may have hypolipidemic potentials. While the increased malondialdehyde as well as decreased GPX and GSH indicate lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress inducing potentials of the PHM. Despite the positive modulation on lipid profile, findings suggest utmost caution on chronic use as its oxidative stress inducing potentials is considerable.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajob.com/index.php/AJOB/article/view/30093

Analytical Study of Plastic Mulching in Tuberose and Melons in Dharmapuri District of Tamilnadu | Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology

 Dharmapuri is a versatile district with a wide variety of crop diversity from millets to vegetables under protected cultivation. Tuberose and melons are livelihood crops for small and marginal farmers with limited irrigation water source. About 80% of the cost of cultivation is spent on weed management in tuberose. Productivity in melons is affected due to soil-borne diseases and fruit flies.  Front line demonstrations for the use of plastic mulching was conducted to address the issues. The demonstrations were conducted in farmers’ fields and each farmer field is considered as one location. Results of the demonstrations were analysed in various perspectives including economic benefits so as to showcase the positive outcome of the plastic mulching technology.  There was about 15 – 20% increase in the melons and 18 - 22% in the case of the tuberose. Though the increase in productivity cannot be correlated only to plastic mulching, the improvement in the fruit quality (95% of first grade fruits) attributed by plastic mulching especially in melons. Weed management cost was reduced in tuberose by 80%. In melons the reduced crop duration by 6 – 8 days indirectly reduced the cost of cultivation and added to the net returns of the crop. The economic benefit of the technology were realised by farmers.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajaees.com/index.php/AJAEES/article/view/30390

Analysis of Fish Consumption Pattern among Kogi State University Students, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria | Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research

 This study analyzed the pattern of fish consumption among Kogi State University students in Anyigba. It described the socio- economic characteristics of respondents, determine the effects of socio-economic characteristics on fish consumption, describe the types, forms, reasons for fish consumption and identify the constraints affecting fish consumption among the respondents. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 150 respondents. Well structured questionnaire coupled with interview scheduled were used to elicit primary data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics, binary logit regression and 3- point likert scale were used for data analyzing. The results showed that majority (60%) of the respondents were female, 72% were unmarried with an average household size of 3 persons and average income of N 20, 000 per month. Their sources of income were from parents and guardians. The result of the binary logit regression indicated that age (-1.21), income (0.99), price (-0.19), taste (0.65), health benefit (2.31) and price of substitute (0.68)  influenced the consumption of fish at 1%, 5% and 10% level of significant respectively. The types of fish consumed were majorly mackerel fish (45.33%), followed by tuna (27.34%). Iced fish were  mostly (40%) consumed, followed by 20.67% steamed fish and 7.33% were consumed in grilled form. 43.33% consumed  fish for health benefits, 24% consumed fish due to affordability and 14% consumed fish due to availability. Among the constraints facing fish consumption were allergy, proximity, storage and cost with mean score of 2.37, 2.16, 2.10, 2.36 and 2.38 respectively. Thus, fish and fish products were mostly consumed by the respondents with high consumption rate recorded by the female students. The prices of fish should be stabilized, adequate cold storage facilities should be purchased by the fish mongers and the university Fishery department should expand their ponds for efficient production.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalajaar.com/index.php/AJAAR/article/view/30124

Re-thinking Metronidazole: Anti-microbial Synergism of Hexane Extracts of Garcinia kola and Aframomum melegueta | Journal of Advances in Microbiology

 Aims: This research evaluates knowledge, attitudes, and practice with regard to food poisoning treatment. It compares the antimicrobial effects of Garcinia kola (Gk) and Aframomum melegueta (Am) seeds with Metronidazole and Gentamicin as standards.

Study Design: A survey with questionnaires was carried out among community Pharmacists in Lagos, Nigeria on drug of choice for suspected food poisoning and the responses analyzed. Hexane extracts of Gk and Am seeds were used on selected microbials that cause food poisoning.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacognosy; Phytochemistry Laboratory and Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology; Pharmaceutical Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy. University of Lagos.

Methodology: Agar diffusion assays were carried out using and using Gk and Am with Metronidazole and Gentamicin as controls. Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy of the extracts was also carried out to ascertain the possible active phytocomponents.

Results: Our discovery on knowledge showed that 98.6% of the interviewed Pharmacists use Metronidazole for food poisoning treatment. 41.7% of the respondents prescribe Ciprofloxacin while 66.7% prescribed Tetracycline as adjunct medications. Gk and Am exerted powerful anti-microbial effects in a dose dependent manner. Gk on S. typhi showed 1.4-1.7 cm zone of inhibition (zi) at 200mg/ml and with E. coli, 1.2 cm at same concentration. Am with S. typhi showed1.2-1.8 cm and E. coli 1.5 cm zi at same concentration too, much better than Gk. Their mixture for the synergistic experiments had 2.0-2.2 cm and E. coli, 2.4 cm zi at 200 mg/ml, the best performance of the extracts as anti-infective agents against food poisoning. 19 compounds were discovered through GC/MS in Gk and 31 in Am. They each exerted more antimicrobial effects than Metronidazole and their mixture used for synergistic experiments compared favorably with Gentamicin.

Conclusion: Hexane extracts of Gk and Am are good alternatives for the treatment of food poisoning. The study encourages further drug discovery research in order to ascertain the particular bioactive compounds in the extracts responsible for their powerful antimicrobial actions. Metronidazole is not the drug of choice for food poisoning management.

Please see the link :- https://www.journaljamb.com/index.php/JAMB/article/view/30266

Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Arachis hypogea Rhizosphere Microbial Community | International Journal of Plant & Soil Science

 The effect of 4000 mg zinc oxide (ZnO, 99 percent, 30 nm) nanoparticle on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of modified organic manure ultisol and loam soil cultivated using standard methods with Arachis hypogaea was assessed. The findings suggest different effects in relation to the soil type on the physicochemical properties. The pH of the control loam ultisol was 7.85 ± 0.17 and 8.3 ± 0.12 in the modified ultisol, while the control loam was 7.15 ± 0.17 and 7.41 ± 0.11 in the modified soil, respectively, suggesting a disparity of 1.06 and 1.04 times greater than the controls. At 57.82 ± 0.54 percent, 50.81 ± 0.22 percent and 55.97 ± 0.04 percent, the phosphorus concentration was 1.14 times lower in the modified ZnO ultisol and 1.07 times higher in the modified loam soil compared to the respective controls at 59.97 ± 0.02 percent. The control and modified ultisol organic matter content was 2.28 ± 0.32 percent and 0.91 ± 0.02 percent, 3.68 ± 0.36 percent and 0.36 ± 0.02 percent in the control and modified loam soil. The nitrate concentration in the control ultisol in the changed soil was 0.05 ± 0.01 percent and 0.03 ± 0.01 percent. Compared to 0.02 ± 0.01 percent in the treated soil, the nitrate in the control loam soil was 0.08 ± 0.01 percent and these variations were significant at p = 0.05. The concentration of nutritional salts was reduced and iron, copper, exchangeable acids, exchange ability, clay and silt in the changed soils increased in comparison. In addition, heterotrophic ammonia and nitrate-oxidizing bacterial populations were inhibited and denitrifying organisms were stimulated in the changed soils. The Pseudomonas, Xanthobacter, Enterobacter, Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Citrobacter, Nitrosomonas, Agromyces and Rhizobium genera were members of the organisms. The physicochemical properties of the soil were modified by ZnO nanoparticles, which exacerbated the negative impact on microbial abundance and varied with the form of soil.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalijpss.com/index.php/IJPSS/article/view/30333

Alternative Approaches in the Management of Male Factor Infertility: A Contemporary Review | Asian Research Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

 For married couples, infertility is a big life problem and the male factor leads to nearly half of the cases. Male infertility assessment requires numerous testing methods and new, up-to-date treatment modalities are available. Current research has been investigated to analyse the risk factors and alternative treatments for infertile couples' male partners.

Please see the link :- https://www.journalarjgo.com/index.php/ARJGO/article/view/30133

THE EFFECT OF LOW-INTENSITY COHERENT RADIATION ON THE EFFICIENCY OF RHIZOGENESIS OF PLANTS OF THE GENUS Rubus L. | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 The article presents research findings on the impact of laser irradiation on the rooting of plant microcuttings of the Rubus genus. The effects of helium-neon (λ = 632.8 nm) and red semiconductor laser (λ = 655 nm) on rooting frequency, root formation intensity, root growth and shot growth have been studied. It was developed that 1,5-2,2 times the use of LCR increased the efficiency of rhizogenesis, accelerated root formation, and shoot growth.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5260

ANALYSIS OF INTERNAL RELATIONSHIPS IN THE FOROPHYTE – ENDOEPIPHYTE MEROCONSORTIUM BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE “Quercus robur L., OAK STAND - PATHOGENIC POLYPORACEAE OAK-GROWING COMMUNITY” BIOSYSTEM | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 The study artefacts were Quercus robur L. Oak stands with their meroconsortia - oak-growing colonies of pathogenic Polyporaceae fungi. The studies were performed in the oak forests of the southwest of the Central Russian Upland during 2011-2018. The "oak tree stands" biosystem can be considered as an example of the "phorophyte-endoepiphyte" meroconsortium cenopopulation, a pathogenic Polyporaceae oak-growing group. The endoepiphyte-meroconsortium subsystem is a representation of the phorophyte subsystem, and if phorophyte is regarded as the key environmental factor, it can be considered as an independent system.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5259

ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF A NOVEL Fusarium oxysporum FROM SUMAC PLANT | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Rhus coriaria Sumacs L. As a food spice, food colourant and preservative, it has long been used and is now used in cosmetics, medicines and in the animal leather industry. 

Fungi infecting this plant were isolated and identified by morphological and molecular methods, particularly by PCR and ITS region sequencing for the most dominant isolates.

The isolation results showed that the highest frequency of Fusarium oxysporum was 27%, followed by Cylindrocarpon, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria sp. With frequency rates of 23%, 20%, 16% and 10% respectively, whereas the Verticillium dahlia and Cephalosprum sp. With a pace of 2 percent for both, they were the least common.

New Fusarium oxysporum isolates that were registered with the GeneBank database were discovered by sequencing.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5258

CLASSIFICATION OF FLORA OF AGROPHYTOCENOSES GROWING IN THE SOUTHWEST OF THE CENTRAL RUSSIAN UPLAND (RUSSIA) | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 The classification of biological objects and structures, defining structural features and properties, represents their theoretical principles. The development of a classification scheme that would represent the characteristics of their formation requires a broad range of anthropogenically transformed flora of the developed industrial and agrarian regions. This newly established classification makes it possible not only to classify the structural characteristics and genesis of the agrophytocenosis flora and its impact on regional flora growth, but also to make a probabilistic forecast for the development of different topological flora levels. The southwestern flora analysis of the Central Russian Upland helped to differentiate types of anthropogenic flora transformation that share similar structural and developmental characteristics. The flora of agrophytocenoses, in which different classes, species, subspecies, and groups of flora are formed due to its heterogeneity, is one of the distinguished forms of flora. A classification of agrophytocenic flora of the area is developed on the basis of the study of 83 fields of agricultural crops and the analysis of the similarities and differences in their species composition and structure. The results indicate that the key factors leading to the development of different agrophytocenic flora classes, organisms, sub-species and groups at different levels of their organisation are the type of ownership (agricultural holdings, farms, long-fallow lands); agricultural technologies for a specific crop (row crops and continuous sowing crops) and the spatial differentiation of vegetation.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5257

INFLUENCE OF PERCEIVED TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL PRINCIPALS ON FOLLOWERSHIP STYLES OF TEACHERS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS | Journal of Global Research in Education and Social Science

 The study focused on defining the effect of school principals' perceived transformational leadership on the follow-up styles of graduate teachers in Sri Lanka's public schools in the Colombo district. Therefore this study aims to achieve four research goals: 1) Identify the follow-up styles among graduate teachers in public schools in the Colombo district; 2) Analyze the relation between graduate teacher follow-up styles in public schools and their demographic variables; 3) Identify the level of transformative leadership of principals of schools perceived by graduate teachers; 4) Investigate the effect on the follow-up styles of graduate teachers in public schools of the perceived transformational leadership of principals. A questionnaire survey (n=496) based on Kelley's (1992) Followership Questionnaire and Bass & Avolio's (1990) Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was conducted to gather data on respondents' follow-up styles and the extent of their principals' perceived transformative leadership. Semi-structured interviews with ten deliberately chosen teachers were performed to reflect various types of styles of followership. Efficient followers were the largest number of graduate teachers in public schools in the Colombo district. Age, teaching service and service under the respondents' incumbent principal revealed no significant association with their styles of followership, while respondent teachers' gender and school form revealed a significant association with their styles of followership. 45% of respondents considered that disruptive leadership features are always exhibited by their principals. Finally, the findings indicated that higher levels of perceived transformational leadership of principals increase the likelihood of good followers for graduate teachers and minimise their likelihood of becoming moderately effective and unsuccessful followers.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOGRESS/article/view/5256

RULES EXTRACTION OF FORMAL DECISION CONTEXTS BASED ON FOUR-WAY CONCEPT LATTICES | Journal of Basic and Applied Research International

 The rule extraction of formal decision contexts based on the four-way principle lattice is mainly discussed in this paper. First in the formal decision sense, we reject the four-way principle lattice and use the example to explain it. Secondly, under the specified formal decision framework, we address the extraction of rules and outline decision rules and rejection of the redundant law. Finally, we analyse the relationship between the classical lattice concept, the three-way lattice concept and the four-way lattice concept.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOBARI/article/view/5254

SURVEY ON THE OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF MAJOR CASSAVA ARTHROPOD PESTS IN SIERRA LEONE | Journal of Biology and Nature

 

In Sierra Leone and Africa as a whole, insect pests constitute the greatest limit to the production of cassava. The objective of the study was to generate up-to-date information on the country's status of cassava insect pests. The aims were to determine, map and determine the prevalence, incidence, magnitude and distribution in the country's major geo-political districts.

During the rainy season survey, a total of 171 cassava farms were visited nationally, while a total of 193 farms were visited during the dry season survey, with an average of 15 farms per district.

Important differences in percentage frequency, severity score and prevalence of the major cassava pests with respect to district, cassava variety and season are shown by the outcome of the survey. In most districts, the percentage incidence and severity scores of the major insect pests were higher in local cassava varieties compared to enhanced varieties. Compared to the rainy season, the population of insect pests measured was typically higher during the dry season. In the southern and eastern parts of the country, the grasshopper population of one of the most dangerous insect pests of cassava was generally higher and more harmful compared to the northern and western areas of the country. As the main insect pests found from the survey will serve as a guide in the training of cassava farmers in the management of these insect pests, which will ultimately lead to an increase in farmers' yield and income, the results of this survey will support cassava farmers.


Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOBAN/article/view/5253

IMPACTS OF MOLYBDENUM ON DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF SOME MAIZE (Zea mays L.) CULTIVARS AT SEEDLING STAGE | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 One of the factors that inflict drastic effects on maize growth and productivity is drought stress. The harmful effects of drought stress on many crops have been proven to mitigate molybdenum (Mo). This paper presents the results of experiments on the effects of Mo on drought tolerance at the seedling stage of three varieties of maize, namely CP333, HN45, and HN68. Two experimental formulations were used: the control group was watered (F I) and the treatment group was sprayed from sowing to the stage of two true leaves with Mo liquid 0.03 percent (F II). After that, 1-day, 3-day, and 5-day artificial drought treatment was provided by stopping watering and spraying. The results show that, compared to the control group, Mo increased the drought resistance of three maize varieties. CP333 with its drought tolerance indices of 3207.10 in F I and 3613.37 in F II was the most drought tolerant line, followed by HN45 with 2790.62 in F I and 3213.14 in F II, and HN68 with drought tolerance indices of only 2621.79 in F I and 3012.53 in F II was the least drought tolerant cultivar. In addition, Mo was also shown to have a direct effect on the drought tolerance of maize varieties. The findings of the research serve as a theoretical basis for proposals to increase the resistance of certain maize cultivars in Vietnam to drought.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5252

NEW REMARK ON THE PROPERTIES OF STABLE INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS OF A CERTAIN ORDER OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS | Journal of Basic and Applied Research International

 

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and provide appropriate and required conditions for a certain order of linear differential equations to guarantee the stability characteristics of internal control systems. This refers to an exponentially stable global equilibrium (point or position) of a system with properties of input and output. The classical Liapunov theorem that allows us to reduce the study of stability to an algebraic problem (computation of the matrix's own values) is stated and proved. We also introduce the functions of the quadratic Lyapunov and matrix equations of Lyapunov that enhance the results of the given objective. Without proof, the Routh-Hurwitz criterion was given. Since the findings of this study vary from the results and methods obtained in the literature, the results of this study are fundamentally new.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOBARI/article/view/5251

PERSPECTIVES OF HEAVY METALS REMEDIATION: A REVIEW | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 As a result of their recalcitrant and tenacious nature, the toxicity of heavy metals has attracted growing attention worldwide, resulting in deleterious effects on the surrounding shelf life of plants and animals, and chronic diseases in humans. There is a wider opportunity for technological advances, with a focus on cost-effectiveness and reducing the effects of anthropogenic activities on the ecosystem, as well as pursuing the above-mentioned possibilities alongside new environmental conservation initiatives. Microbial remediation for a wide variety of pollutants is considered to be a promising technology for remediating polluted areas. There is the ability for microbial flora to treat oil spills and recalcitrant heavy metals. There are traditional mechanisms that don't seem to be illustrious, but as an emerging technology, bioremediation remains the first option. This paper aims to provide an analysis of the disadvantages of bio remedial agents and so on. The introduction of recent biotechnological developments in heavy metal emissions, which has the ability to mitigate the natural environment and pose a danger to metal contamination, needs to be introduced. In simple words, bioremediation is one approach that uses living cells such as microbes to treat the atmosphere or infected area and is better than traditional methods of treatment. Moreover, bioremediation is a well-established approach for the remediation of different forms of pollutants. In general, the process operates under conditions that enhance the activities of either the native microorganism or the introduced species, particularly those elements that transform or degrade under conditions that are appropriate for the microorganism's optimal efficiency.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5249

POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTES AT TREATING TUBERCULOSIS | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 It is estimated that Tuberculosis TB hits 10 million people globally and among them 1.5 million died from this disease. Now a days, world is facing another worst form of TB i.e. Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). The MDR-TB is the form of TB in which the disease pathogen exhibits resistance to two most powerful first line anti-TB drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin. However, toxic side effects and frequent use of these drugs has led to an increasing incidence of MDR-TB. In this context, natural and alternative resources may be worthful. Among them, some medicinal plants have been mentioned in Ayurveda and Unani medicinal system for TB cure, and several medicinal plants are known for TB treatment by folks, tribal people or being used traditional/indigenously for the purpose. The present study plans to explore endophytes from plants known to the tribal and local vaidya for their anti-mycobacterial properties.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5248

PHYTOCHEMICAL, FTIR AND NMR ANALYSIS OF CRUDE EXTRACT OF Pogostemon benghalensis LEAVES | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 

Pogostemon benghalensis belongs to the Lamiaceae family, commonly referred to as Hook loti, and is native to subtropical and tropical parts of India. It is commonly found in Melghat, where it originates under the shrub in the form of large patches along the banks of the river and is an annual, aromatic. Based on the polarity of the solvents, the leaves were extracted with chloroform, acetone, ethanol and water using the cold maceration method at around 15 °C. The presence of terpenoids and lactones in the acetone extract was shown in the sample through phytochemical screening of these extracts. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the presence at 3373 cm-1 and 1708 cm-1 of different functional groups such as NH(amine), OH(carboxylic acid),=C=O(lactone), C-N(cyano)from the IR absorption bands in the high wave area and classified the active compounds by comparing the obtained compounds with the standard graph. Using H1 NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance), the number of protons present and the electronic state of the protons in the different compounds were analysed. In order to isolate the active compounds that can be used to determine their therapeutic implications for the development of new drugs, further research should be carried out.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5247

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF Semecarpus prainii King. LEAF EXTRACTS | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 For phytochemical examination, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts were subjected to Semecarpus prainii leaf extract in the present research. The existence of all the components except saponins in ethanol extract was revealed by phytochemical analysis. Saponins, anthroquinones, glycosides were absent in chloroform and petroleum ether extract, oils and fats were absent in chloroform extract, but were present in petroleum ether extract, among the tested phytochemicals. The antimicrobial activity findings showed that S. With aureus, L. About monocytogenes, E. Klebsiella sp, coli. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were immune to all extracts tested. Maximal inhibiton zone against M was shown by ethanol extract. (12.7 mm) luteus, Shigella sp. (12.3 millimetres) and E. Faecalis, which was almost identical to the normal antibiotic used (14.5 mm). Various techniques such as total phenolic assay, total antioxidant assay, power reduction assay, DPPH assay, ABTS and nitric oxide scavenging activity were evaluated for the antioxidant activity of leaf extracts. Important results were shown by all the tested techniques. The overall phenolic content was found to be 47.69, 98.69 and 118.36 mg-g gallic acid equivalents, respectively, of petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts. The ethanol extract displayed substantial total antioxidant activity of 501 µg of GAE accompanied by chloroform (292 µg of GAE) and petroleum ether extract (84 µg of GAE). Reducing power assay of the checked plant was in order of ethanol > chloroform > petroleum ether. At 1000 μg-mL concentrations measured, the ethanol extract showed a maximum absorbance of 2.88. Radical scavenging activity (percent) was expressed in the DPPH, ABTS and nitric oxide assay of petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts, and the results obtained showed that ethanol extract was more potential than petroleum ether and chloroform. These experimental results would help provide the theoretical foundation for conventional knowledge of the use of plants to control various diseases.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5250

In silico ANALYSIS OF EFFECT OF PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM Paprika oleoresin (Capsicum annum L.) AGAINST DIAMINOPIMELATE DEHYDROGENASE OF Clostridium tetani CAUSING TETANUS | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani. Strikingly, during particular molecular events, tetanus increases mainly, thereby serving as a possible clinical biomarker. Furthermore, further downstream events can also be triggered by tetanus, promoting the detrimental process. Several bio molecules can be deployed to reduce the activity of tetanus, the phytochemicals of which may be the best option. Molecular docking-based screening of a few phytochemicals showed that the phytochemicals interact effectively with the protein's active site and thus have diagnostic and therapeutic tetanus potential.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5246

SHAPE-CONTROLLED PLANAR PARAMETRIC CURVE WITH SHAPE PARAMETERS | Journal of Basic and Applied Research International

 To adjust the shape of the curve conveniently, we exploit a class of shape-controlled planar parametric curve with shape parameters in this paper. The proposed curve inherits the properties of the classic cubic Ferguson curves, what’s more, the shape of the curve can be adjusted as desired by modifying the shape parameters. A suitable choice of shape parameters can make the quasi-Ferguson curve satisfy C2 continuous. Besides, the most smoothness and the shortest arc length of the quasi- Ferguson curve are obtained by solving the optimal shape parameters.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOBARI/article/view/5245

IMPACT STRENGTH OF KENAF FIBER AND CORN COB ASH ROOFING TILES FOR SUSTAINABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT | Journal of Basic and Applied Research International

 In this research work, the impact strength characteristic of Kenaf Fiber (KF) and Corn Cob Ash (CCA) Roofing Tiles made with varying percentages of KF and CCA was examined. The Impact test was carried out according to ASTM [1] and ASTM [2] using a manually operated impact-tester machine. Mat Lab R2013a model was used to analyze the results of the impact strength. The average impact strength obtained were 98.776, 91.904, 85.463, 79.021 and 69.144 kJ/m2 for 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% Ash contents respectively. The impact strength remained constant at 118.530 kJ/m2 with the addition of CCA at 0, 5, 10 and 15% but decreased at 20% cement replacement at the first trial. Mathematical models were developed for predicting impact strength of KF and CCA roofing tiles using Mat Lab R2013a model. The results show that corn cob ash and kenaf fiber can be used for sustainable housing development.

Please see the link :-  https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOBARI/article/view/5240

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE METHOD OF THE STEP-BY-STEP CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF HEMORRHAGE IN OBSTETRIC PRACTICE | Journal of Case Reports in Medical Science

 The article describes a surgical hemostasis of hemorrhaging in pregnant women giving birth by cesarean section. Special attention is paid to the development of risk groups for obstetric hemorrhaging, full screening, and coagulopathy prevention, timely detection of placental position and attachment anomalies. There is an overview of modern approaches to obstetric hemorrhaging prevention using surgical techniques, as well as blood-saving technologies. The article analyzes the outcome of caesarean section in two groups with obstetric hemorrhage. The largest share of obstetric hemorrhage is the detachment of the normally located placenta and placental pathology.  A prospective study has been conducted to assess the effectiveness of the phased control and treatment of hemorrhage during caesarean delivery. The authors divided all the patients into two groups depending on the methods of intraoperative treatment. In group I, hemorrhaging was treated by using the proposed step-by- step control and treatment tactics (cesarean section indications were hemorrhaging due to premature detachment of low or normally located placenta in the first group) and second group were treated according to the Protocol of the treatment of hemorrhaging adopted in the hospital.

Please see the link :-  https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOCRIMS/article/view/5241

EVALUATION OF Syzygium travancoricum Gamble LEAF EXTRACTS FOR ITS PHYTOCHEMICALS, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Syzygium travancoricum Gamble leaves crude extract (petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol) were investigated for phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial assay and antioxidant activity. The results of qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the absence of saponins and presence of alkaloids, tannins and phenols, sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, oils and fats in all three solvent extracts. Anthroquinones and glycosides were present in petroleum ether extract and ethanol extract but absent in chloroform. Proteins and amino acids were present in chloroform and ethanol extracts but absent in petroleum ether extract. Antimicrobial study revealed that the fungal pathogens (Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger) and bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli, Klebsiella sp and Pseudomonas sp) were resistant to all the extracts. Micrococcus luteus, Shigella flexneri and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to petroleum ether extract but sensitive to ethanol extract than chloroform extract with an inhibition zone of 14, 14.5 and 12.3 mm diameter respectively. The total phenolic content of the petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol extracts of S. travancoricum was determined to be 5.70, 23.34 and 27.76 µg of GAE respectively. Total antioxidant activity and reducing capacity of ethanol extracts showed a maximum absorbance of 1.60 and 2.31 at 1000 µg/ mL concentration followed by chloroform (1.13 and 2.05) and petroleum ether (0.25 and 0.88). Among the three solvent extracts tested ethanol extract showed highest percent inhibition of 96.11%, 97.11% and 96.16% in DPPH, nitric oxide and ABTS scavenging assay respectively, followed by chloroform and petroleum ether extract.  The percent scavenging activity of the three extracts increased with increase in concentration of the crude extracts.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5242

NOVEL CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) –DETECTION, TREATMENT AND EFFECT ON GLOBAL ECONOMY | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 COVID-19 a viral pandemic caused by novel coronavirus COVID19 which was the modified form of SARS CoV-2 and MERS CoV-2 was first found in Wuhan, China but nowadays it had spread all over the world. More than 213 Countries and Territories around the world have affected by the coronavirus COVID-19 and many more nations have been going through most critical situations in health and financial contexts as well. So many major attempts are made practicing to overcome negative impacts of this viral infection but there is no permanent solution has not been found yet. No availability of either vaccine or therapeutic antiviral drugs till now in any country to prevent and cure this infection. As the COVID19 infections were asymptomatic, the proper serodiagnostic tools also very essential besides the real time PCR as it takes much time for the results. Some of the practices have been running continuously like detection methods and alternative treatments for this major virus respiratory infection. But the major issue to be resolved patients are found be in again re-infection by COVID19.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5238

PLANT-DERIVED ANTIMICROBIALS (PDAms) TO CONTROL URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Urinary Tract Infection has been recognized second most common infection after respiratory infection and is most frequent in women, accounting for nearly 60% of overall UTIs. Caused by single bacterial species E. coli, which is the most frequently infecting organisms. We undertook this study to know the prevalence of MDR E. coli among various urine samples and to find out antibacterial activity of different herbal extracts against these resistance strains. Out of 40 samples 9 isolates of E .coli (22%) were recovered, which were considered for study. Among these 9 E. coli isolates, 2 (28.6%) were found multiple drug resistant (MDR). The isolates showed high levels of resistance to Amoxycilin (AMX25), Oxacilin (OX1), Ceftazidime (CAZ30) and Ceftriaxone (CTR30). Nine plant species were screened for anti MDR activity and out of  9 plants  the maximum zone of inhibition was observed in the aqueous extract of  Terminalia chebula (22 mm) & Callistemon (22 mm)] which were found  more potent than the previous studies. In conclusion, the prevalence of MDR Producers at our study was lower in comparison to the prevalence reported from other studies. The high rate of resistance in bacteria for antibiotics need alternative drug line to control UTI.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5237

EBOLA VIRUS: GENETIC DIVERSITY, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTS | Asian Journal of Current Research

 Ebola virus is one of the most deadly pathogen known to infect humans Ebola virus disease has been diagnosed in the US, originating from patients who travelled during incubation period.  The first recognized Ebola outbreak occurs in 1976 near the Ebola River in Zaire (now in Congo). Before the 2014 epidemic about 2300 cases with greater than 1500 death has been documented from this disease. Ebola virus belongs to the Filoviridae family and genus Ebola virus. The disease has evolved a global public health menace due to large immigrant population. It is also termed as Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF). The transmission of virus to people from wild animals and spreads with in the human population via human to human transmission. Pregnant women who are recovered from Ebola virus still carry the virus in breast milk or Symptoms of hemorrhagic in pregnancy related fluid and tissues.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOCRIMS/article/view/5236

AUTOMATION OF GAS TUNNEL KILN USING RELAY LOGICS AND VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVES | Asian Journal of Current Research

 

Automation is one of the major concerns in any industry today. Automation is encompassing virtually every Walk of life required right from agricultural to space technology. Plant Automation is the necessity for the Manufacturing industry to survive in today’s globally competitive market .It relates to the working of the system at all times without any human intervention. In this paper we are designing a control circuit for the automation of Gas Tunnel Kiln (GTK) using relay logics and Variable Frequency Drives (VFD's) because the present doors and the movement of the transfer car in and out of the kiln are being operated manually and the temperature of the kiln is very high and hence manual operation is not safe. As whole, the process of charging and discharging of the green Insulators is being automated. The first step towards this is designing ladder diagrams which can be implemented using hardware components and simulation is done using LADSIM - PLC Simulator.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/AJOCR/article/view/5235

FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE PROVIDERS IN UGANDA EVIDENCE FROM UGANDA TELECOMMUNICATIONS LIMITED (UTL) | Journal of Basic and Applied Research International

 

This article sets out to investigate factors affecting the performance of telecommunication service providers in Uganda, using Uganda Telecom Limited as a case study. It identifies and examines the metrics used to measure performance in telecommunication service, investigates the factors affecting performance of Uganda Telecom Limited, and recommends appropriate performance improvement strategies. The study employed a descriptive research design that involved both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Primary data was collected using a five scale Likert questionnaire, administered to a total of 106 respondents. Data collected through the questionnaires were entered into SPSS v.21 statistical software and analysed for descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that the performance of Uganda Telecom Limited was influenced by both external and internal factors.  In the final discussion, the article presents the metrics used to measure performance of the case study company and advances performance improvement strategies. In all, the article provides useful insight into the telecommunication service industry not only in Uganda but also in other developing countries.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOBARI/article/view/5226

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW ON Crinum latifolium | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Plants of the genus Crinum (Amaryllidaceae) are widely used in folk medicine in different tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The Indian species Crinum latifolium was traditionally used to treat rheumatism, fistula, tumors, earaches, rubefacient, and prophylactic management of different types of diseases. These herbs were prescribed for healing purpose also. However, 7% of Crinum species used worldwide for medicinal purpose. In phytochemical analysis twenty alkaloids and other compounds have been identified recently. This review is helpful for explore phytochemical and pharmacological potential of Crinum latifolium.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5231

PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF Lallemantia royleana BENTH. IN WALL. (LAMIACEAE) | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Lallemantia royleana Benth. in Wall. is herb which is cultivated an annual, biennial or perennial, belonging to the family Lamiaceae, commonly known as balangu. It is grown throughout Western Asia, India, Pakistan and Northern regions of Iraq.  It act as a diuretic, cardiotonic, sedative etc. and used for treatment of common cold fever, joint pain, rheumatism, renal disorder, weakness of heart .but in  the recent research many pharmacological effects has been proved it act as an antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidepressant, anxiolytic, sedative, antiemetic, hypolipidemic, etc. The purpose of this review is to elaborate the chemical composition and beneficial effect of L. royleana as a medicinal plant.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5230

BIOCHAR: A GREEN AMENDMENT FOR INDIAN SOIL | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 India is an agricultural land and is facing challenges like increasing population and changing climate, which needs to be addressed. Conversion of agricultural waste to manure that boosts the yield of the crops and retains nutrients and moisture in soil as well, ages back to thousand years. Biochar, which can be synthesized by different heat treatment methods such as torrefacation, pyrolysis, gasification, hydrothermal and flash carbonization, is rich in carbon. Type of biomass and its composition, conditions of heat treatment such as temperature, time and heating rate manipulates the properties of biochar. Augmentations of biochar in soil increment the richness as well as lessen green house gas emissions and remediate the polluted soil moreover. The physio-chemical properties of biochar emphatically impact its application in agriculture. This review summarizes the biochar production methods and recent advances in biochar research in context to agriculture.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5229

DIVERSITY OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH CAROB TREES (Ceratonia siliqua L.) IN WESTERN ALGERIA | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 The carob tree is a leguminous plant originating in the Mediterranean region. It is used in many reforestation and ornamentation programs. The aim of this study is to characterize the diversity of AMF associated with the carob tree and the importance of their role in the integration of a semi-arid ecosystem in Western Algeria. Samples of soil and roots in the rhizosphere of ten carob specimen were taken in different areas in the northwest of Algeria: Hassasna, Nedroma and Ouled Mimoun. Physicochemical analyses were carried out as well as enumeration and morphological and anatomical analyses of the spores. The roots were trypan blue- dyed to determine the level of mycorrhization. The results showed that the soil of Ouled Mimoun is the richest of the three sites in organic matter, and contains the largest proportion of nitrogen and available phosphorus. It also has the largest spore count: 641 per 100 g of soil. Furthermore, the study revealed the presence of 16 morphotypes of AMF spores in all three sites, Glomus and Acaulospora genera being the most abundant. Likewise, microscopic observation of the roots revealed the presence of all the structures typical of AMF including vesicles, hyphae and arbuscular structures. The level of mycorrhization in the roots sampled in Ouled Mimoun was the highest with a mycorrhization frequency of F=94%, an intensity of M=44% and an arbuscular rate of A=94%. The mycorrhizal abundance and high infectivity of the carob roots taken in the site of O.Mimoun, an old plantation site, reflect the physicochemical characteristics of a fertile and more lively soil, in particular its organic carbon and nitrogen content. Another explanation may be that indigenous AMF communities, apparently more resilient and better adapted to the edaphic conditions, have gradually replaced the fungi introduced.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5224

BIO PRESERVATIVE POTENTIAL OF BACTERIOCINS: CLASSIFICATION, MODE OF ACTION AND APPLICATION: A REVIEW | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Increasing demand of natural over chemical preservatives initiated the rigorous research on the novel products isolated from the microorganisms having biopreservative potential to unfold the new range of antimicrobial agents to defend the food borne pathogens efficiently. One such antimicrobial compound bacteriocinis synthesized by various microorganisms. Bacteriocin is a protein molecule that possesses antimicrobial features and protects food borne pathogen, research is more focused on discovering novel bacteriocins at industrial scale. Present review is focused on bacteriocin’s classification, their mechanism of action and applications in food industry.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5234

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF FRUIT, SEEDS AND LEAVES AS ANTIOXIDANTS: A REVIEW | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 

Fruits and other herbal plants are a rich source of antioxidants as they contains abundant amount of bio active compounds like phenols and flavonoids. Present review concentrates on the combined or synergistic effect of bio-active compounds which is present in these fruits and herbal plants. There are several researchers who have observed that the combined mixtures of various fruit extracts as well as mixtures of herbs increase the antioxidant activity and also help to achieve desirable results. The high antioxidant activity due to the synergism of different fruits and herbs is applicable to reduce the oxidative stress as well as to prevent disease like cancer, cardiac disorders and as an anti proliferative agent. The antioxidants that are obtained from natural sources are far better to consume than that of synthetic antioxidants (butylated hydroxytoluene) as they have side effects on our health and are too expensive. This review is helpful to understand the significance of synergism in different plants and fruits due to the presence of different essential bioactive compounds in them.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5233

A MINI-REVIEW ON ANTI-CANCEROUS PROPERTIES OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 

In recent era maximum human population is severely affected globally by cancer disease due to which constant demand for new therapies are required to treat and prevent this deadly disease. Today attention is drawn towards naturally occurring compounds by researchers and scientists that can show less toxic effects than the allopathic treatments such as chemotherapy. In cancer, an irregular proliferation of cells takes place which can attack and demolish the normal cells resulting in an imbalance to human body. The plant derived chemotherapeutic agents are found to be effective to cure the disease in spite of several synthetic agents which can be toxic and thus the studies are going on to explore the natural compounds effective against such ailments. Therefore in this mini review an attempt is made to appraise some medicinal plants having anti-cancerous properties. All the plants reviewed here show potential and are good candidates for advanced studies because of their anticancer activity.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/PCBMB/article/view/5232