BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR APPROACHES IN Raphanus satives AFTER HEAVY METALS (COPPER & CADMIUM) EXPOSURE | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 Raphanus sativus was chosen for studying the toxic effect for two elements (cadmium & copper) on some biochemical & molecular characteristic, so cadmium concentration (0, 5, 10, 15) ppm were determined from Cd (NO3)2 in addition to control (D.W.) as triplicate for each concentration and Rafanus seed irrigate after implementation in fertilized soil for 60 days.

On the other hand, Copper concentration was (0, 10, 15, 25) ppm which previously prepared from (Cu(NO3)2) in addition to control group represented by D.W.

Regarding soil, pH, E.C., Nitrate, soil texture values were determined to detect the soil characteristics before and after agriculture.

The results have confirmed at the end of the experiment and from plant species analysis that copper concentration and cadmium concentration in irrigation water were lead to change in ROS, SOD, CAT, MDA, GSH-px, total protein, total sugar, proline, chlorophyll & moisture content in Raphanus.

Two elements concentration (Cu, Cd) were measured in shoot & Root system studied prepared concentrations with control group so the copper concentration in control group after Cu exposure was higher than other group and also the concentration in root system was the highest in comparison to shoot system.

Molecular Results showed these concentrations, which have no effect on DNA status i.e. that no damage to DNA in plant with concentration increasing and this compatible with no significance effect on als gene amplification and more amplified was in 15 mg/l for Cu & 10 mg/l for Cd.

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INVESTIGATION OF BACTERIAL INHIBITORY EFFECT OF Solanum trilobatum SEED EXTRACT AGAINST DENTAL PATHOGENS | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

 

In the current examination, seed extracts of Solanum trilobatum was analysed for its capacity to repress the development of dental pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, S. salivarius, S. sanguinis and L. acidophilus). The collected seeds of S. trilobatum were appropriately washed and air dried at room temperature. Then squashed and extracted with acetone, petroleum ether and chloroform. The bacterial inhibitory effect of the extracts was analyzed by ager well diffusion technique at 200 µg/mL concentration. Phytochemical investigation was performed for all the extracts. The results revealed that the root etracts of S. trilobatum was best against all tried bacterial pathogens. Greatest inhibitory action was seen against S. salivarius (22 mm) and less inhibition was against S. sanguinis (9 mm). The phytochemical examination uncovered the wide range of phytoconstituents which may be responsible for its antibacterial potency.

 

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INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARD (IPSAS), AND FINANCIAL REPORTING AND COMPLIANCE IN NIGERIA: ISSUES AND BENEFIT (A SURVEY ANALYSIS) | Journal of Global Economics, Management and Business Research

 

Quality financial reporting plays an important role in government accountability and meeting its financial management responsibilities to its citizens. The implementation of IPSAS was an integral part of public sector reforms and based on a global trend to respond to requests for increased financial accountability and transparency from government which reflect significant democratic values.This research focused on issues and benefits of implementing IPSAS on the consistency of financial reports by evaluating theoretical and past empirical studies in meeting the requirements for utility of decision. The IPSAS adoption review showed that international best practices were presented to government agencies, international intergovernmental organizations and international organisations. It stressed the advantages of good governance, accountability and transparency. Further analysis highlights Nigeria's problems during the time focusing on openness, accountability, comparability, and management and decision-making processes. The study concluded that Nigeria's IPSAS adoption driving forces were to align its operations with the financial year, meet the requirements of partners, attract donors and be competitively comparable with other international organizations.

 

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INVESTIGATION OF ANTI-BACTERIAL EFFECT OF MANGROVE PLANT Acanthus ilicifolius | PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Mangroves have long been a source of biochemically unique and wide array of novel  natural products. The anti-bacterial effect of different extracts of the plant Acanthus  ilicifolius was determined in this study. The crude plant extracts of ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol were tried against pathogenic microbes such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio harveyi    and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion mehod. All the three extracts of the various segments of the A. ilicifolius showed potent inhibition against tested microorganisms. The results conclude that the inhibitory zone showed by ethyl acetate was higher than that ethanol and methanol extracts.

 

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