Eranthis longistipitata Regel
(Ranunculaceae) is an endemic plant of Central Asia and one of the most popular
among decorative bulbs. There is a need for the development of fast and
controlled propagation methods of this species. The purpose of this study is to
identify the features of in vitro culture of E. longistipitata seeds and
embryos. The effect of various pretreatment methods on germination of E.
longistipitata seeds in in vitro culture was studied – cold stratification,
treatment with gibberellic acid (GA3) and a combination of cold stratification
and embryo culture treatment. It is shown that mature seeds of E.
longistipitata exhibit an underdeveloped embryo, and for complete maturation of
embryos in in vitro culture, it is necessary to incubate the seeds at +4°C in
the dark for 2 months, and then at +7°C under a 16/8 photoperiod regime for 2
months. The optimal method of seed pretreatment is a combination of cold
stratification and embryo culture, when the number of viable explants attained
23%. GA3 seed treatment did not foster embryo development and seed germination
of E. longistipitata. The study has shown that a combination of cold
stratification and embryo culture methods is necessary to overcome the dormancy
of E. longistipitata seeds in vitro.
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